div-Wua-eUb-dka-jtuld
Hf-La-jeok!
wNaLfn DlsWI FiaDKcos, jjShxLfn FPfSKdla cPHtqos
Dinosaurs!
SlaDp2
¢
Hwb jjtK tUd
Hf-La-jeok-dmg-Wu-div-eif-jtu-l-Wka-Dogc-HV LS-jjxb-FK-Hwb, Hx-lk-Em-Tk dbla-FK-Hwb qcd-xia-FK-wYf-RU-Ga-fPa-dchks-VK-xka-els-jjxif jjtK jtPd-raygs-jjxif jjthc-Hwb-Geb-VK-xka 20+30 rabcn, xia-FK-jlok-Gv-Hxh-xk-Vod-Hch jqugl-jRif-GrhHwb-lYba. Fkd-aiJa Hx-lk-Em-Tk dmg-FK-aigs-jZoJk-BUb-GdhA jqugl-Vhls-dia-vmg-GrhHf-La-jeok-EK-aPf-luga-xk-tid-dPa-Hwb-wls-xia. Hx-lk-Em-Tk xid-FK-Hwb-BUb-jVia-dYbx-Grnb-GdhA-dia apJ-dmg-jqugl-sbkn-Ga-dka-Vhls-dia-vmg-Grhvia-fk-Hf-La-jeok-Dpg-dPa-EpJa-Dis-rtkn-jwoJk-xk-DI-tkn.
Like most reptiles, female dinosaurs laid eggs. Maiasaura dug a hole in the ground, about two meters wide and one meter deep, then laid 20 to 30 eggs. She covered the eggs with plants to keep them warm. Then the mother maiasaura sat close to the nest to protect the eggs from other dinosaurs that might eat them. Large groups of maiasaura laid their eggs near each other. That made it easier to protect themselves from meat-eating dinosaurs.
Hf-La-jeok-jSpv-LS-Bbkscbls-Hc, Hx-lk-Em-Tk Dpg-jdpf-Grxb-xp-Wckx-nkc-VK-xka 50 Eis-Sp-jjxif jjSb-xia-FK-Grnb jjtK nkc-lld-jCPs 3 jjxif-qkn-Ga-jc-tk-els-ekx-Vp jjthc-xia-dmg-FK-jSpv-LS-jDogk-div-LS-Grnb jjtK nkc-jCPs 8 jjxif-qkn-Ga-ePv-Vp. Hf-La-jeok-vks-EK-aPf-FK-BYf-jSpv-LS jxug-l-qcd-xia-Grnb jjSb-vks-EK-aPf-FK-Grnb-wyJa-jtuJlnA-Foa-Rlf-xuJ-Skn.
Fkd-dka-eyd-ek- Ekd-rpa-aiJa jjxba-nkd-Dpg-FK-RUh-Hfh-cbk Hf-La-jeok-xp-lk-nY-rtkn-Vka-Gf. aid-vU-Rka-cP-DK-nk-WPf-cbk Hf-La-jeok-EK-aPf-ahln-lkf-FK-xp-Ep-cPf-BUb-qNs 4+5 Vp-jDogk-aiJa. ebca-Hf-La-jeok-Dpg-Grnb-Dpg-eYf-jEiga: FI-qcd Em-LT-qilf lkf-FK-xp-lk-nY-jCPs 100+150 Vp Chk-Hf-La-jeok-EK-aPf-luga-vmg-dPa-qcd-xia-dbla.
-DYd-xuJ-apJ eif-jtu-l-Wka-LS-jjxb-rtkn-EK-aPf-vmg-thNs-tUd. jVia-jc-tk-foa-aka-Dpg-aid-vU-Rka-cP-DK-nk-WPf-cbk Hf-La-jeok-dmg-lkf-FK-vmg-thNs-tUd--jEiga-dia jjSbcbk-Ris-Dpg-dkn-jVia-rpa-wls Hx-lk-Em-Tk eK-jjfs-Grhjria-cbk tUd-ahln-wls-xia-nis-ala-BUb-Ga-Ris jjtK- xp-RUv-Rbks-Grnbdcbk-Hwb. qcd-jRok-RUh-cbk tUd-ahln-jrtogk-aiJa-dmg-dPa-lk-rka jqkK-cbk-jjwhc-wls-qcd-xia-xp-Rln-dka-dif-rnO. figs-aiJa jxugl-jc-tk-Hwb-jjSd-lld-xk LS-Dpg-jVia-jjxb-FK-Shls-Eld-lk-rka-xk-Grhqcd-tUd-dPa. eK-aiJa qcd-xia-FPgs-Hfh-Eug-cbk: Hx-lk-Em-Tk jEPgs-xp-Wckx-rxkn-cbk: “jjxb-Dpg-fp.”
Dinosaurs grew up fast. A new-born maiasaura was about 50-centimeters long, but it would grow to 3 meters long in a few years, and it would reach its adult size of 8 meters in ten years. Some kinds of dinosaurs stopped growing when they became adults; others kept growing until they died.
It’s difficult to know, from fossils, how long dinosaurs lived. Paleontologists think the smaller dinosaurs might have lived only four or five years. The biggest dinosaurs, sauropods, could probably live for 100 to 150 years - if no other dinosaur ate them first.
Today, many reptile mothers do not feed their young. For a long time, paleontologists thought dinosaurs probably didn’t feed their babies, either. But fossils from a maiasaura nest show that some babies were still living in the nest, but were bigger than the maiasaura eggs. We know that the small babies had been eating, because their teeth are worn. So the mother must have brought them food after they hatched. That’s how maiasaura got its name: It means “good mother lizard.”
Chk-Hf-La-jeok-LSGfvmg-Rid-ek-Hwb-wls-xia-fp Hf-La-jeok-LS-lugaA-dmg--FK-xk-dPa-Hwb-wls-xia.
Em-LT-qilf jjxba-Hf-La-jeok-Dpg-xp-Wm jjtK rks-nkc jEPgs-lkf-FK-vmg-jVia-jjxb-Dpg-fp-Wu-div Hx-lk-Em-Tk. Hwb-wls-Hf-La-jeok Em-LT-qilf Cud-qov-jria-tNa-dia-jVia-jjCc, LS-jjxb-lkf-FK-Hwb-Ga-jc-tk-nbks jjtK--vmg-div-xk-fU-jjt-Hwb-wls-Soa-lpd-jtpn, eK-aiJa FPgs-xp-Hwb-qNs-FI-aca-rahln-Dpg-BUb-tlf jjtK Hfh-jjSd-lld-xk-jVia-LSahln.
Sauropods – dinosaurs with long necks and tails – were probably not such good mothers. Sauropod eggs have been found in a line, one after another. The mother probably dropped the eggs as she walked, and never looked at them again. Only a few eggs would have survived long enough to hatch.
HD-jjTa-La-Em xp-jjwhc-Dpg-jjrtx-Wox jjtK dogsjwoJk-Dks-Ga, jxugl-xia-siv-Wks-dK-HS-tos-Geb-Hf-La-jeok-LS-luga xiankdDpgHfLajeok-LS-jWkK-Rhkn-aiJa-FK-rap-HV-Hfh.
lk-rka
Hf-La-jeok-dmg-dPa-lk-rka-jjSd-Sbks-dia-Wu-div-eif-rtkn-EK-aPf-Ga-VK-FY-via. vks-EK-aPf-dPa-jjSb-EpJa; vks-EK-aPf-dPa-jjSb-quf-Qid jjtK vks-EK-aPf-dmg-dPa-rtkn-Bbks-jEiga: dPa-Hf-La-jeok-LS-luga, dov, -wNf, Fpg-LdK, Fpg-FhNx, dK-Vlx, quf-Qid jjtK jjxs-Hxh-EK-aPf-SbksA. tid-eK-aK-RUv-Rbks-wls-Wks-dK-HS jjtK--jjwhc-Hfh-eK-jjfs-Grhjria-cbk Hf-La-jeok-VK-jqf-Gf-dPa-rnis-jVia-lk-rka.
Food
Just as different animals today eat different things, so did the dinosaurs. Some ate only meat. Others ate only plants. And some ate anything: other dinosaurs, frogs, lizards, plants, and insects. The shape of the jaws and teeth tell us how each dinosaur got its nutrients.
Hf-La-jeok-Dpg-dPa-EpJa
Hf-La-jeok-FI-qcd-Dpg-jlpJa-cbk: -jDp-LT-qilf jjxba-Hf-La-jeok-dPa-EpJa. Lfn-Dogc-HV-qcd-xia-FK-xp-roc-Grnb, wk-rtis-Dis-els-jjws-jjRs jjtK xp-els-jjwa-eiJaA. jtiv jjtK jjwhc-wls-qcd-xia-jjrtx-Wu-Vkn-xpf jEPgs-qhlx-Dpg-FK-dPa-DYd-Bbks-Dpg-jrais-Sps. -jtiv jjtK jjwhc-nkc-dogs-WoJs-aoJs, jxugl-Gf-rkd -jDp-LT-qilf Hfh-GEh-jjwhc rtu jtiv--WYv-eif-LS-Gf eif-LS-aiJa-nkd-Dpg-FK-tlf-HV-Hfh.
Meat-eating dinosaurs
One group of dinosaurs, called theropods, were meat-eaters. They usually had big heads, two strong back legs, and two small arms. Their claws and teeth were as sharp as knives, ready to kill and eat anything that moved. Both their claws and their teeth curved back. Once a hungry theropod sank its claws or teeth into its prey, it was difficult for the animal to escape.
Em-LT-qilf EK-aPf-Grnb-FK-vmg-rnO-lk-rka-fhcn-Vkd, qcd-xia-FKrnO-BUb-Ga-Dhls Lfn-GEh-dhla-rpa-ahlnA-jVia-jWugls-vof-Ebcn. -RUv-apJ aid-jjShx-Hfh-jjShx-RU-Geb-whks-wls-xia jqugl-eK-jjfs-Grh-jriacbk-xp--dhla-rpa-BUb-fhka-Ga-jjDh.
Hf-La-jeok-Dpg-dPa-quf
Em-LT-qilf dmg-jjxba-raygs-Ga-via-fk-Hf-La-jeok-Dpg-dPa-quf-jVia-lk-rka. Em-LT-qilf FK-GEh-Wm-Dpg-nkc jqug-l-Fbls-dPa-Gv-Hxh-Dpg-BUb-eUs.
SoJa-Hxh-Ga-nYd-Hf-La-jeok-jjSd-Sbks-Fkd-SoJa-Hxh-Ga-VK-FY-via. nYd-aiJa nis-vmg-Dia-xp-SoJa-Hxh-Dpg-xp-fld. SoJa-Hxh-rtkn-EK-aPf-jjxba-Whkn-Wu-div-SoJa-jjVd jEPgs-nkd-Smg-dka-rnO jjtK vmg-xp-eka-lk-rka-rtkn. Hf-La-jeok-EK-aPf-apJ FK-GEh-jc-tk-jdulv-rxof-xuJ-jqugl-dPa-lk-rka.
Em-LT-qilf ebca-rtkn-dPa-lk-rka-Lfn-vmg-rnO, qcd-xia-xp-dK-jqkK-els-lia. Hf-La-jeok-FK-dua-Gv-Hxh rtu sbk-Hxh-Grnb-tos-HV, Fkd-aiJa dK-jqkK-Dpg-raygs jEPgs-xp-ebca-jjws-Wu-rpa-ahlnA-jlpJa-cbk: “GS” FK-Ebcn-tK-tkn-lk-rka-Grhjjrtd.
ald-apJ Em-LT-qilf nis-xp-rks-nkc. jxug-l- Ekd-rpa-wls-Hf-La-jeok-Cud-WoJa-qov-WiJs-DI-lPf aid-vU-Rka-cP-DK-nk-WPf-cbk qcd-xia-tkd-rks-HV-Skx-quJa-fPa-Wu-div-LS-jjwh jjSb-xp-ePgs-raygs-Dpg-aidcP-DK-nk-ekf-vmg-jwoJk-GF-Wu: Rbls-Rln-wls Em-LT-qilf vmg-jWpn-xp-FYf-Dpg-eK-jjfs-Grhjria-jCPs-Rln-wls-rks Dpg-Cud-tkd-HV. jxugl-aidcP-DK-nk-ekf-eyd-ek-jvPgs Ekd-rpa-wls Em-LT-qilf Bbks-tK-lNf-jjthc FPgs-eK-rtYv-Hfh-cbk Em-LT-qilf Hfh-nod-rks-qoJa-Fkd-rahk-fPa-Ga-jc-tk-nbks
Plant-eating dinosaurs
Sauropods were one group of plant-eating dinosaurs. Sauropods used their long necks to reach leaves in tall trees.
The trees at the time of the dinosaurs were different from today. Flowering plants had not yet evolved. Many of the trees and plants then were similar to pine trees. They were hard to chew, and didn’t have many nutrients. Plant-eating dinosaurs spent most of the day eating.
Most sauropods didn’t chew their food. They had two stomachs. The dinosaur swallowed big pieces of a tree or bush, then small stones inside the first stomach, called a gizzard, would grind up the food.
Sauropods had long tails, too. When the first dinosaur fossils were found, paleontologists thought these dinosaurs dragged their tails behind them, like an alligator. But the scientists could not understand one thing: The fossil footprints of sauropods never showed the marks that should have been made by a tail being dragged. When scientists looked more carefully at sauropod fossils, they decided that sauropods held their tail in the air when they walked.